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Vue-ErrorPage-Simple-01/src/views/help/help.vue
2026-09-02 19:04:48 +08:00

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<script setup>
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
import { ref } from 'vue'
const router = useRouter()
const activeNames = ref(['4xx', '5xx'])
const statusCodes = {
'1xx': {
title: '1xx - 信息响应',
items: [
{ code: '100', name: 'Continue', desc: '客户端应当继续发送请求。服务器已收到请求头,客户端应继续发送请求体。' },
{ code: '101', name: 'Switching Protocols', desc: '服务器已理解并同意切换协议,通常用于 WebSocket 升级。' },
]
},
'2xx': {
title: '2xx - 成功响应',
items: [
{ code: '200', name: 'OK', desc: '请求已成功处理,服务器返回了请求的数据。' },
{ code: '201', name: 'Created', desc: '请求已成功,并且创建了新资源,通常在 POST 或 PUT 请求后返回。' },
{ code: '204', name: 'No Content', desc: '请求成功处理,但没有返回内容。常用于 DELETE 请求。' },
]
},
'3xx': {
title: '3xx - 重定向',
items: [
{ code: '301', name: 'Moved Permanently', desc: '请求的资源已永久移动到新 URL客户端应更新书签或链接。' },
{ code: '302', name: 'Found', desc: '请求的资源临时移动到新 URL客户端应继续使用原有 URL。' },
{ code: '304', name: 'Not Modified', desc: '资源未修改可使用缓存版本。常用于条件请求If-Modified-Since。' },
]
},
'4xx': {
title: '4xx - 客户端错误',
items: [
{ code: '400', name: 'Bad Request', desc: '服务器无法理解请求格式,请检查请求语法和参数。' },
{ code: '401', name: 'Unauthorized', desc: '请求要求身份验证,请登录后重试。' },
{ code: '403', name: 'Forbidden', desc: '服务器理解请求,但拒绝授权访问,权限不足。' },
{ code: '404', name: 'Not Found', desc: '服务器找不到请求的资源,请检查 URL 是否正确。' },
{ code: '405', name: 'Method Not Allowed', desc: '请求方法不被允许,例如对只读接口发送了 POST 请求。' },
{ code: '408', name: 'Request Timeout', desc: '请求超时,客户端未能在服务器预设时间内完成请求。' },
{ code: '429', name: 'Too Many Requests', desc: '发送请求过多,已触发速率限制,请稍后重试。' },
]
},
'5xx': {
title: '5xx - 服务器错误',
items: [
{ code: '500', name: 'Internal Server Error', desc: '服务器遇到意外情况,无法完成请求,通常是服务端代码异常。' },
{ code: '502', name: 'Bad Gateway', desc: '服务器作为网关或代理时,从上游服务器收到无效响应。' },
{ code: '503', name: 'Service Unavailable', desc: '服务器暂时无法处理请求,通常因过载或维护停机。' },
{ code: '504', name: 'Gateway Timeout', desc: '服务器作为网关或代理时,未及时从上游服务器收到响应。' },
]
},
}
const solutions = [
{
title: '404 页面未找到',
icon: '🔍',
steps: [
'检查 URL 是否拼写正确,注意大小写和路径分隔符。',
'确认目标资源是否已移动或删除。',
'如果是内部链接,检查路由配置是否正确。',
'配置自定义 404 页面,引导用户回到首页或搜索。',
]
},
{
title: '401 / 403 认证与权限错误',
icon: '🔐',
steps: [
'确认用户已登录且 Token / Session 未过期。',
'检查请求头中 Authorization 字段格式是否正确。',
'验证用户角色权限是否满足访问要求。',
'如使用 CORS确认跨域请求携带了凭证withCredentials。',
]
},
{
title: '500 服务器内部错误',
icon: '⚙️',
steps: [
'查看服务器日志,定位具体异常堆栈。',
'检查数据库连接是否正常。',
'确认服务端代码是否有未捕获的异常。',
'尝试重启服务或回滚最近部署的版本。',
]
},
{
title: '502 / 504 网关错误',
icon: '🌐',
steps: [
'检查上游服务是否正常运行。',
'确认 Nginx / 反向代理配置是否正确。',
'增大代理超时时间proxy_read_timeout。',
'检查服务器负载和资源使用情况。',
]
},
{
title: '网络异常 / 请求超时',
icon: '📡',
steps: [
'检查客户端网络连接是否稳定。',
'确认 DNS 解析是否正常。',
'设置合理的请求超时时间,并添加重试机制。',
'使用 navigator.onLine 检测离线状态并给出提示。',
]
},
]
</script>
<template>
<div class="help-page">
<header class="help-header">
<h1>帮助与参考</h1>
<p class="subtitle">HTTP 状态码速查 & Web 常见错误处理方案</p>
<el-button type="primary" size="large" bg @click="router.push('/')">
返回首页
</el-button>
</header>
<!-- HTTP 状态码速查 -->
<section class="section">
<h2 class="section-title">📋 HTTP 状态码速查</h2>
<el-collapse v-model="activeNames" class="status-collapse">
<el-collapse-item
v-for="(group, key) in statusCodes"
:key="key"
:title="group.title"
:name="key"
>
<el-table :data="group.items" stripe style="width: 100%">
<el-table-column prop="code" label="状态码" width="100" />
<el-table-column prop="name" label="英文名称" width="220" />
<el-table-column prop="desc" label="说明" />
</el-table>
</el-collapse-item>
</el-collapse>
</section>
<!-- 常见错误处理方案 -->
<section class="section">
<h2 class="section-title">🛠 常见 Web 错误处理方案</h2>
<div class="solution-grid">
<el-card
v-for="(item, index) in solutions"
:key="index"
class="solution-card"
shadow="hover"
>
<template #header>
<div class="card-header">
<span class="card-icon">{{ item.icon }}</span>
<span class="card-title">{{ item.title }}</span>
</div>
</template>
<ol class="step-list">
<li v-for="(step, i) in item.steps" :key="i">{{ step }}</li>
</ol>
</el-card>
</div>
</section>
<!-- 全局错误处理建议 -->
<section class="section">
<h2 class="section-title">💡 全局错误处理最佳实践</h2>
<el-card shadow="never" class="practice-card">
<ul class="practice-list">
<li><strong>统一拦截</strong> Axios 拦截器中统一处理 HTTP 错误根据状态码弹出对应提示</li>
<li><strong>友好提示</strong>为用户展示可理解的错误信息避免直接暴露技术细节</li>
<li><strong>日志记录</strong>将错误详情状态码请求路径时间戳上报至日志系统便于排查</li>
<li><strong>降级策略</strong>关键接口失败时提供缓存数据或默认值保证页面基本可用</li>
<li><strong>重试机制</strong>对网络超时等临时性错误实现自动重试建议最多 3 指数退避</li>
<li><strong>错误边界</strong> Vue 中使用 onErrorCaptured 捕获组件树错误防止白屏</li>
</ul>
</el-card>
</section>
<footer class="help-footer">
<p>如有疑问请联系系统管理员</p>
</footer>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.help-page {
min-height: 100vh;
background: linear-gradient(160deg, #f0f4f8 0%, #dce3ec 50%, #e8ecf1 100%);
padding: 40px 20px 24px;
}
/* ── Header ── */
.help-header {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 52px;
padding-top: 20px;
}
.help-header h1 {
font-size: 2.6em;
font-weight: 700;
color: #1a1a2e;
letter-spacing: 2px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}
.subtitle {
font-size: 1.1em;
color: #6b7280;
margin-bottom: 28px;
letter-spacing: 1px;
}
/* ── Section ── */
.section {
max-width: 980px;
margin: 0 auto 56px;
}
.section-title {
font-size: 1.45em;
font-weight: 600;
color: #1a1a2e;
margin-bottom: 22px;
padding-left: 14px;
border-left: 4px solid #409eff;
line-height: 1.3;
}
/* ── Collapse ── */
.status-collapse {
border-radius: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}
:deep(.el-collapse) {
border: none;
}
:deep(.el-collapse-item__header) {
font-size: 1.05em;
font-weight: 600;
color: #1a1a2e;
background: #fff;
padding: 0 20px;
height: 52px;
line-height: 52px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ebeef5;
transition: background-color 0.25s ease;
}
:deep(.el-collapse-item__header:hover) {
background: #f5f8ff;
}
:deep(.el-collapse-item__wrap) {
background: #fafbfd;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ebeef5;
}
:deep(.el-collapse-item__content) {
padding: 16px 12px;
}
:deep(.el-table) {
border-radius: 8px;
overflow: hidden;
}
:deep(.el-table th.el-table__cell) {
background: #f0f5ff;
color: #1a1a2e;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.95em;
}
:deep(.el-table .el-table__row:hover > td) {
background: #ecf5ff !important;
}
/* ── Solution Cards ── */
.solution-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
gap: 22px;
}
.solution-card {
border-radius: 12px;
border: none;
transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
overflow: hidden;
}
.solution-card:hover {
transform: translateY(-4px);
box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(64, 158, 255, 0.12);
}
:deep(.solution-card .el-card__header) {
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f5ff 0%, #e8f0fe 100%);
padding: 14px 20px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e9f0;
}
.card-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 10px;
}
.card-icon {
font-size: 1.6em;
line-height: 1;
}
.card-title {
font-size: 1.08em;
font-weight: 600;
color: #1a1a2e;
}
:deep(.solution-card .el-card__body) {
padding: 16px 20px 20px;
}
.step-list {
padding-left: 20px;
line-height: 2;
color: #374151;
margin: 0;
}
.step-list li {
margin-bottom: 4px;
padding-left: 4px;
}
.step-list li::marker {
color: #409eff;
font-weight: 600;
}
/* ── Practice Card ── */
.practice-card {
border-radius: 12px;
border: none;
box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}
:deep(.practice-card .el-card__body) {
padding: 8px 24px;
}
.practice-list {
list-style: none;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
.practice-list li {
padding: 14px 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
line-height: 1.8;
color: #374151;
transition: padding-left 0.2s ease;
}
.practice-list li:hover {
padding-left: 8px;
}
.practice-list li:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
.practice-list li strong {
color: #409eff;
margin-right: 2px;
}
/* ── Footer ── */
.help-footer {
text-align: center;
padding: 40px 0 16px;
color: #9ca3af;
font-size: 0.92em;
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
/* ── Responsive ── */
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.help-header h1 {
font-size: 1.8em;
}
.section-title {
font-size: 1.2em;
}
.solution-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
:deep(.el-table) {
font-size: 0.9em;
}
}
</style>