409 lines
11 KiB
Vue
409 lines
11 KiB
Vue
<script setup>
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import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
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import { ref } from 'vue'
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const router = useRouter()
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const activeNames = ref(['4xx', '5xx'])
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const statusCodes = {
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'1xx': {
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title: '1xx - 信息响应',
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items: [
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{ code: '100', name: 'Continue', desc: '客户端应当继续发送请求。服务器已收到请求头,客户端应继续发送请求体。' },
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{ code: '101', name: 'Switching Protocols', desc: '服务器已理解并同意切换协议,通常用于 WebSocket 升级。' },
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]
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},
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'2xx': {
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title: '2xx - 成功响应',
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items: [
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{ code: '200', name: 'OK', desc: '请求已成功处理,服务器返回了请求的数据。' },
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{ code: '201', name: 'Created', desc: '请求已成功,并且创建了新资源,通常在 POST 或 PUT 请求后返回。' },
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{ code: '204', name: 'No Content', desc: '请求成功处理,但没有返回内容。常用于 DELETE 请求。' },
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]
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},
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'3xx': {
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title: '3xx - 重定向',
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items: [
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{ code: '301', name: 'Moved Permanently', desc: '请求的资源已永久移动到新 URL,客户端应更新书签或链接。' },
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{ code: '302', name: 'Found', desc: '请求的资源临时移动到新 URL,客户端应继续使用原有 URL。' },
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{ code: '304', name: 'Not Modified', desc: '资源未修改,可使用缓存版本。常用于条件请求(If-Modified-Since)。' },
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]
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},
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'4xx': {
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title: '4xx - 客户端错误',
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items: [
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{ code: '400', name: 'Bad Request', desc: '服务器无法理解请求格式,请检查请求语法和参数。' },
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{ code: '401', name: 'Unauthorized', desc: '请求要求身份验证,请登录后重试。' },
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{ code: '403', name: 'Forbidden', desc: '服务器理解请求,但拒绝授权访问,权限不足。' },
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{ code: '404', name: 'Not Found', desc: '服务器找不到请求的资源,请检查 URL 是否正确。' },
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{ code: '405', name: 'Method Not Allowed', desc: '请求方法不被允许,例如对只读接口发送了 POST 请求。' },
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{ code: '408', name: 'Request Timeout', desc: '请求超时,客户端未能在服务器预设时间内完成请求。' },
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{ code: '429', name: 'Too Many Requests', desc: '发送请求过多,已触发速率限制,请稍后重试。' },
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]
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},
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'5xx': {
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title: '5xx - 服务器错误',
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items: [
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{ code: '500', name: 'Internal Server Error', desc: '服务器遇到意外情况,无法完成请求,通常是服务端代码异常。' },
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{ code: '502', name: 'Bad Gateway', desc: '服务器作为网关或代理时,从上游服务器收到无效响应。' },
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{ code: '503', name: 'Service Unavailable', desc: '服务器暂时无法处理请求,通常因过载或维护停机。' },
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{ code: '504', name: 'Gateway Timeout', desc: '服务器作为网关或代理时,未及时从上游服务器收到响应。' },
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]
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},
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}
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const solutions = [
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{
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title: '404 页面未找到',
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icon: '🔍',
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steps: [
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'检查 URL 是否拼写正确,注意大小写和路径分隔符。',
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'确认目标资源是否已移动或删除。',
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'如果是内部链接,检查路由配置是否正确。',
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'配置自定义 404 页面,引导用户回到首页或搜索。',
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]
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},
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{
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title: '401 / 403 认证与权限错误',
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icon: '🔐',
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steps: [
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'确认用户已登录且 Token / Session 未过期。',
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'检查请求头中 Authorization 字段格式是否正确。',
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'验证用户角色权限是否满足访问要求。',
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'如使用 CORS,确认跨域请求携带了凭证(withCredentials)。',
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]
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},
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{
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title: '500 服务器内部错误',
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icon: '⚙️',
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steps: [
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'查看服务器日志,定位具体异常堆栈。',
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'检查数据库连接是否正常。',
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'确认服务端代码是否有未捕获的异常。',
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'尝试重启服务或回滚最近部署的版本。',
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]
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},
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{
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title: '502 / 504 网关错误',
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icon: '🌐',
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steps: [
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'检查上游服务是否正常运行。',
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'确认 Nginx / 反向代理配置是否正确。',
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'增大代理超时时间(proxy_read_timeout)。',
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'检查服务器负载和资源使用情况。',
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]
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},
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{
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title: '网络异常 / 请求超时',
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icon: '📡',
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steps: [
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'检查客户端网络连接是否稳定。',
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'确认 DNS 解析是否正常。',
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'设置合理的请求超时时间,并添加重试机制。',
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'使用 navigator.onLine 检测离线状态并给出提示。',
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]
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},
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]
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</script>
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<template>
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<div class="help-page">
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<header class="help-header">
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<h1>帮助与参考</h1>
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<p class="subtitle">HTTP 状态码速查 & Web 常见错误处理方案</p>
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<el-button type="primary" size="large" bg @click="router.push('/')">
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← 返回首页
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</el-button>
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</header>
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<!-- HTTP 状态码速查 -->
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<section class="section">
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<h2 class="section-title">📋 HTTP 状态码速查</h2>
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<el-collapse v-model="activeNames" class="status-collapse">
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<el-collapse-item
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v-for="(group, key) in statusCodes"
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:key="key"
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:title="group.title"
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:name="key"
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>
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<el-table :data="group.items" stripe style="width: 100%">
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<el-table-column prop="code" label="状态码" width="100" />
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<el-table-column prop="name" label="英文名称" width="220" />
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<el-table-column prop="desc" label="说明" />
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</el-table>
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</el-collapse-item>
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</el-collapse>
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</section>
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<!-- 常见错误处理方案 -->
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<section class="section">
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<h2 class="section-title">🛠️ 常见 Web 错误处理方案</h2>
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<div class="solution-grid">
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<el-card
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v-for="(item, index) in solutions"
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:key="index"
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class="solution-card"
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shadow="hover"
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>
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<template #header>
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<div class="card-header">
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<span class="card-icon">{{ item.icon }}</span>
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<span class="card-title">{{ item.title }}</span>
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</div>
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</template>
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<ol class="step-list">
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<li v-for="(step, i) in item.steps" :key="i">{{ step }}</li>
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</ol>
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</el-card>
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</div>
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</section>
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<!-- 全局错误处理建议 -->
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<section class="section">
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<h2 class="section-title">💡 全局错误处理最佳实践</h2>
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<el-card shadow="never" class="practice-card">
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<ul class="practice-list">
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<li><strong>统一拦截:</strong>在 Axios 拦截器中统一处理 HTTP 错误,根据状态码弹出对应提示。</li>
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<li><strong>友好提示:</strong>为用户展示可理解的错误信息,避免直接暴露技术细节。</li>
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<li><strong>日志记录:</strong>将错误详情(状态码、请求路径、时间戳)上报至日志系统,便于排查。</li>
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<li><strong>降级策略:</strong>关键接口失败时提供缓存数据或默认值,保证页面基本可用。</li>
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<li><strong>重试机制:</strong>对网络超时等临时性错误,实现自动重试(建议最多 3 次,指数退避)。</li>
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<li><strong>错误边界:</strong>在 Vue 中使用 onErrorCaptured 捕获组件树错误,防止白屏。</li>
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</ul>
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</el-card>
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</section>
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<footer class="help-footer">
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<p>如有疑问,请联系系统管理员。</p>
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</footer>
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</div>
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</template>
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<style scoped>
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.help-page {
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min-height: 100vh;
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background: linear-gradient(160deg, #f0f4f8 0%, #dce3ec 50%, #e8ecf1 100%);
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padding: 40px 20px 24px;
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}
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/* ── Header ── */
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.help-header {
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text-align: center;
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margin-bottom: 52px;
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padding-top: 20px;
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}
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.help-header h1 {
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font-size: 2.6em;
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font-weight: 700;
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color: #1a1a2e;
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letter-spacing: 2px;
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margin-bottom: 10px;
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text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
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}
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.subtitle {
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font-size: 1.1em;
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color: #6b7280;
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margin-bottom: 28px;
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letter-spacing: 1px;
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}
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/* ── Section ── */
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.section {
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max-width: 980px;
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margin: 0 auto 56px;
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}
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.section-title {
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font-size: 1.45em;
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font-weight: 600;
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color: #1a1a2e;
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margin-bottom: 22px;
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padding-left: 14px;
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border-left: 4px solid #409eff;
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line-height: 1.3;
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}
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/* ── Collapse ── */
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.status-collapse {
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border-radius: 10px;
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overflow: hidden;
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box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
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}
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:deep(.el-collapse) {
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border: none;
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}
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:deep(.el-collapse-item__header) {
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font-size: 1.05em;
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font-weight: 600;
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color: #1a1a2e;
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background: #fff;
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padding: 0 20px;
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height: 52px;
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line-height: 52px;
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border-bottom: 1px solid #ebeef5;
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transition: background-color 0.25s ease;
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}
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:deep(.el-collapse-item__header:hover) {
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background: #f5f8ff;
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}
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:deep(.el-collapse-item__wrap) {
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background: #fafbfd;
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border-bottom: 1px solid #ebeef5;
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}
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:deep(.el-collapse-item__content) {
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padding: 16px 12px;
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}
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:deep(.el-table) {
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border-radius: 8px;
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overflow: hidden;
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}
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:deep(.el-table th.el-table__cell) {
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background: #f0f5ff;
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color: #1a1a2e;
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 0.95em;
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}
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:deep(.el-table .el-table__row:hover > td) {
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background: #ecf5ff !important;
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}
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/* ── Solution Cards ── */
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.solution-grid {
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display: grid;
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grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
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gap: 22px;
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}
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.solution-card {
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border-radius: 12px;
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border: none;
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transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
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overflow: hidden;
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}
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.solution-card:hover {
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transform: translateY(-4px);
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box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(64, 158, 255, 0.12);
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}
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:deep(.solution-card .el-card__header) {
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background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f5ff 0%, #e8f0fe 100%);
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padding: 14px 20px;
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border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e9f0;
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}
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.card-header {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 10px;
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}
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.card-icon {
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font-size: 1.6em;
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line-height: 1;
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}
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.card-title {
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font-size: 1.08em;
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font-weight: 600;
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color: #1a1a2e;
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}
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:deep(.solution-card .el-card__body) {
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padding: 16px 20px 20px;
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}
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.step-list {
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padding-left: 20px;
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line-height: 2;
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color: #374151;
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margin: 0;
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}
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.step-list li {
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margin-bottom: 4px;
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padding-left: 4px;
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}
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.step-list li::marker {
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color: #409eff;
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font-weight: 600;
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}
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/* ── Practice Card ── */
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.practice-card {
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border-radius: 12px;
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border: none;
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box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
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}
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:deep(.practice-card .el-card__body) {
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padding: 8px 24px;
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}
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.practice-list {
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list-style: none;
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padding: 0;
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margin: 0;
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}
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.practice-list li {
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padding: 14px 0;
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border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
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line-height: 1.8;
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color: #374151;
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transition: padding-left 0.2s ease;
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}
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.practice-list li:hover {
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padding-left: 8px;
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}
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.practice-list li:last-child {
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border-bottom: none;
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}
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.practice-list li strong {
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color: #409eff;
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margin-right: 2px;
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}
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/* ── Footer ── */
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.help-footer {
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text-align: center;
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padding: 40px 0 16px;
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color: #9ca3af;
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font-size: 0.92em;
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letter-spacing: 0.5px;
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}
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/* ── Responsive ── */
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@media (max-width: 640px) {
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.help-header h1 {
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font-size: 1.8em;
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}
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.section-title {
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font-size: 1.2em;
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}
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.solution-grid {
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grid-template-columns: 1fr;
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}
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:deep(.el-table) {
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font-size: 0.9em;
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}
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}
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</style>
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